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#1
22.07.2005, 07:15
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Диеты с низким содержанием углеводов (low carbs diets)
Я толстый и ленивый.В зал не хожу.Люблю поесть.Курю. И много. Год назад сел на подобную диету. За 6 месяцев сбросил около 40 паундов ( около 18 кг).Последние шесть месяцев этот уменьшенный вес держится достаточно стабильно. По прежнему стараюсь не есть сладкое, хлеб, пасту и т.д. Хотелось бы узнать мнение мнение эндокринологов о долгосрочных последствиях таких диет.[Ссылки доступны только зарегистрированным пользователям ]
 
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#2
22.07.2005, 07:36
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Между низкожировыми и низкоуглеводными диетами в долгосрочных исследованиях получаются разницы по приверженности, влиянию на липиды и ряд параметров ( честно - лень искать. сравнительно недавно отсидела на соотв. конгрессе ), при этом в долгосрочном аспекте преимущество по суррогатным точкам ( липиды) и по приверженности за низкожировыми.Споры о преимуществах тех или иных диет восходят к началу 20 века..Есть приличные рандомизированные, приличные когортные..
По массе тела в принципе разницы нет - калория. она и в Африке калория. НО есть фокус - в реальной жизни жиры и углеводы - сладкая парочка, идущая вместе ( до чего политика доводит.. ), а переесть проще жиры. Словом, все правильно, все хорошо...
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#3
22.07.2005, 12:58
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Цитата:
 Меня заинтересовала вот эта диета: Basic Philosophy: According to the authors, it is not carbohydrates that cause weight gain, but lack of protein and an excess of carbohydrates consumed in one sitting. Therefore, the authors recommend that carbs and protein be consumed in the ratio of 15g:7g. The maximum amount of carbohydrate allowed per meal or snack is 30g, and this must be balanced with at least 14g of protein. This concept is referred to as "linking and balancing" in that all carbs are linked with protein and balanced in this specific ratio. The authors endorse the low fat hypothesis, so the plan dictates that low fat protein such as poultry, fish and low fat dairy products be used mainly as protein sources. Red meat can only be consumed 2 or 3 times a week. The plan counts beans and milk as proteins. All vegetables with the exception of corn and potatoes can be eaten freely on the diet. Avocados and olives must be limited however due to their high fat content. Apples, cherries, peaches, plums and grapefruit do not need to be linked and balanced with protein, but are confined to no more than a half cup serving every 2 to 3 hours. No more than 32g of carbs may be consumed within 2 hours. If one consumes more than this then the excess is stored as fat. This concept is known as the 2 hour fat window. Protein, however can be eaten at any time Exercise is strongly endorsed Critical of ketogenic diets By the numbers: : Fat:20-30%, Protein: 20-30% Carbohydrate: 40-60%. Fats and Oils: Keep fats to a minimum, include some good fats. High-Carbohydrate Foods :Eat no more than 2 servings at any one time. Eat at least 2 fruits servings daily. High-Protein Foods: Eat at least 8 servings a day. Include 2 to 5 servings of dairy foods. Vegetables: Consume Freely, but eat at least 3 servings a day Method: N/A Typical menu: Breakfast :egg on toast, yogurt with cereal, milk with cereal Lunch: Sandwich with meat and low fat cheese, grilled chicken salad , beef soup with a potato Dinner: Lean meat with a potato and vegetables, lentil pilaf with low fat cheese, pasta with meatballs and a green salad Emphasis: Emphasis on: Fat and Protein. Can be difficult to find low fat protein sources if you do not wish to include milk and beans as true protein sources. Unique Fatures: Resembles a diabetic diet. No foods are banned which makes this plan very livable. Suitable for vegetarians. Treats are recommended up to 2 or 3 times a week. This may lead people down the slippery slop if they "treat" themselves to foods they are actually addicted to such as sugar. May not work for those who are very sensitive to carbohydrates. Proscribes to the low fat theory, so is more likely to be accepted by the mainstream medical establishment. Вы именно её соблюдаете или какую-то другую?
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#4
22.07.2005, 14:37
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Сравнение диет:
JAMA. 2005 Jan 5;293(1):43-53. Comparison of the Atkins, Ornish, Weight Watchers, and Zone diets for weight loss and heart disease risk reduction: a randomized trial. Dansinger ML, Gleason JA, Griffith JL, Selker HP, Schaefer EJ. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, Mass 02111, USA. CONTEXT: The scarcity of data addressing the health effects of popular diets is an important public health concern, especially since patients and physicians are interested in using popular diets as individualized eating strategies for disease prevention. OBJECTIVE: To assess adherence rates and the effectiveness of 4 popular diets (Atkins, Zone, Weight Watchers, and Ornish) for weight loss and cardiac risk factor reduction. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A single-center randomized trial at an academic medical center in Boston, Mass, of overweight or obese (body mass index: mean, 35; range, 27-42) adults aged 22 to 72 years with known hypertension, dyslipidemia, or fasting hyperglycemia. Participants were enrolled starting July 18, 2000, and randomized to 4 popular diet groups until January 24, 2002. INTERVENTION: A total of 160 participants were randomly assigned to either Atkins (carbohydrate restriction, n=40), Zone (macronutrient balance, n=40), Weight Watchers (calorie restriction, n=40), or Ornish (fat restriction, n=40) diet groups. After 2 months of maximum effort, participants selected their own levels of dietary adherence. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: One-year changes in baseline weight and cardiac risk factors, and self-selected dietary adherence rates per self-report. RESULTS: Assuming no change from baseline for participants who discontinued the study, mean (SD) weight loss at 1 year was 2.1 (4.8) kg for Atkins (21 [53%] of 40 participants completed, P = .009), 3.2 (6.0) kg for Zone (26 [65%] of 40 completed, P = .002), 3.0 (4.9) kg for Weight Watchers (26 [65%] of 40 completed, P < .001), and 3.3 (7.3) kg for Ornish (20 [50%] of 40 completed, P = .007). Greater effects were observed in study completers. Each diet significantly reduced the low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio by approximately 10% (all P<.05), with no significant effects on blood pressure or glucose at 1 year. Amount of weight loss was associated with self-reported dietary adherence level (r = 0.60; P<.001) but not with diet type (r = 0.07; P = .40). For each diet, decreasing levels of total/HDL cholesterol, C-reactive protein, and insulin were significantly associated with weight loss (mean r = 0.36, 0.37, and 0.39, respectively) with no significant difference between diets (P = .48, P = .57, P = .31, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Each popular diet modestly reduced body weight and several cardiac risk factors at 1 year. Overall dietary adherence rates were low, although increased adherence was associated with greater weight loss and cardiac risk factor reductions for each diet group
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#5
22.07.2005, 15:08
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Цитата:
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#6
22.07.2005, 15:14
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Т.е питаемся разумно, к тренажеру подходим , + 30 минут 5 раз в неделю гуляем......Это трудно, но - знали бы Вы, какая я ленивая- а в Рибок уж третий год езжу- не корысти ради, а в соответствии с данными рандомизированного исследования -использующие регулирные тренировки эндокринологи лучше мотивируют пациентов. Стала бы я ради себя ездить.. Так что- ради пациентов- вперед!
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#7
22.07.2005, 22:55
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Цитата:
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Линейный вид
