Донорство: как предотвратить развитие железодефицитной анемии

[Dr.Vad]

Донорство крови пациентами с сахарным диабетом 2 может приводить к ложному снижению уровня гликированного гемоглобина:

12 non-diabetic blood donors (52.2%) and 10 (58.8%) blood donors with type 2 diabetes had a significant reduction in HbA1c following blood donation (reduction >-4.28%, P < 0.05). All non-diabetic blood donors with a normal ferritin concentration predonation had a significant reduction in HbA1c. In the non-diabetic group the maximum reduction was -11.9%, in the type 2 diabetes group -12.0%. When eligible to donate again, 52.2% of the non-diabetic blood donors and 41.2% of the blood donors with type 2 diabetes had HbA1c concentrations significantly lower compared to their predonation concentration (reduction >-4.28%, P < 0.05).
Patients with type 2 diabetes contributing to whole blood donation programs can be at risk of falsely lowered HbA1c. This could lead to a wrong interpretation of their glycemic control by their general practitioner or internist.
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Whole Blood Donation Affects the Interpretation of Hemoglobin A1c
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[Dr.Vad]

Blood donors and the RBCs and other components they willingly provide are essential in the delivery of healthcare in all parts of the world. Nearly 70% of donated blood comes from repeat or committed donors. The amount of iron removed in the 10 min or so it takes to withdraw a unit of blood (500 ml, plus 25 ml for testing) requires over 24 weeks to replace on a "standard" diet, i.e., without added iron in the form of supplements The cumulative effect of repeat blood donations without adequate iron replacement or a longer wait between donations results in iron deficiency (ID) in many donors, low haemoglobin deferral (~8% of donation attempts), and frank anaemia in some. Moreover, ID can be associated with side effects that can impact a blood donor's health, such as fatigue, cognitive changes and other neuromuscular symptoms. In an effort to better identify and prevent ID, blood collection agencies are recommending various strategies, including changes in the donation interval, donation frequency, testing of iron status and iron supplementation.
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Br J Haematol. 2018 Jun;181(5):590-603.
How do we manage iron deficiency after blood donation?
Kiss JE, Vassallo RR.

[Dr.Vad]

Доноры крови первой группы имеют выше риск дефицита железа, определяемому как ферритин менее 15, и похоже чаще нуждаются в коррекции ЖД, для того чтобы продолжать донорствовать, мужчины в особенной опасносте:

Non-O blood group donors had lower ferritin levels than blood group O donors, regardless of sex. Accordingly, risk of ferritin level of less than 15 ng/mL was increased for individuals with non-O blood group compared with O blood group. In subanalysis similar associations were observed, albeit in women the association between blood group and risk of a ferritin level below 15 ng/mL was no longer significant.
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Transfusion. 2017 Dec;57(12):2914-2919.
Reduced ferritin levels in individuals with non-O blood group: results from the Danish Blood Donor Study.

[Dr.Vad]

Частое донорствование у женщин детородного возраста ассоциируется с более низким весом при рождении ребенка - возможное негативное влияние дефицита железа?

In fully adjusted analyses, birth weight among children of high-intensity donors (n = 3,524) was 20.2 g (95% confidence interval, 5.1-35.3 g) lower compared with low-intensity donors. This reduced birth weight among high-intensity donors compared to low-intensity donors may reflect blood donation-induced iron deficiency.
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Transfusion. 2018 Dec 5.
Frequent blood donation and offspring birth weight-a next-generation association?
Rigas AS, et al.