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Question 90: Is maternal thyroid hormone (thyroxine or LT4) transferred to the newborn via breast milk?
A small amount of maternal thyroid hormone is present in the breast milk of lactating women, and also detected in cow, goat, and sheep milk. A study investigated T4 and T3 in the breast milk of mothers who delivered very premature infants. Thyroxine concentration in breast milk ranged from 0.17 to 1.83 μg/L (mean 0.83 μg/L) (533). Assuming an average consumption of ∼750 mL/d of breast milk, this equates to approximately 0.62 μg of T4 per day. Assuming total T4 requirements of 40–60 μg/d for most athyreotic infants, the amount of thyroxine transferred to the infant via the human lactating breast is ∼1% of the total daily requirement. Thus, maternal transfer of thyroid hormone does not have a meaningful impact on the infant's thyroid hormone status.
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Из 2017 Guidelines of the American Thyroid Association for the Diagnosis and Management of Thyroid Disease During Pregnancy and the Postpartum ([
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