#91
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Öèòàòà:
Guidelines for Carotid Endarterectomy. Circulation. 1995; 91: 566-579; Stroke, 1995 – 26(1):188-201). W.S. Moore, HJM Barnett, HG Beebe, EF Bernstein, BJ Brener, T Brott, LR Caplan, A Day, J Goldstone, RW Hobson II, RF Kempczinski, DB Matchar, MR Mayberg, AN Nicolaides, JW Nor-ris, JJ Ricotta, JT Robertson, RB Rutherford, D Thomas, JF Toole, HH Trout III, DO Wieberg. Îïåðàöèîííûé ðèñê, êàê ïðîèçâîäíàÿ îòáîðà áîëüíûõ, îïðåäåëÿåòñÿ íå òîëüêî îáùèì ñîñòîÿíèåì çäîðîâüÿ ïàöèåíòîâ, íî òàêæå ïîêàçàíèÿìè ê îïåðàöèè. Îáçîð ìåäèöèíñêîé ëèòåðàòóðû ÿñíî ïîêàçûâàåò, ÷òî íàèáîëåå íèçêàÿ ÷àñòîòà îñëîæíåíèé îòìå÷åíà ñðåäè àñèìïòîìíûõ ïàöèåíòîâ. Ðèñê îïåðàöèè íåñêîëüêî âûøå ñðåäè áîëüíûõ, ñòðàäàþùèõ ÒÈÀ è îêàçûâàåòñÿ íàèáîëåå âûñîêèì ó áîëüíûõ ïîñëå ïåðåíåñåííîãî èíñóëüòà, îñîáåííî ñ âûðàæåííûì îñòàòî÷íûì íåâðîëîãè÷åñêèì äåôèöèòîì (32, 161). Íåâîçìîæíî îöåíèòü îáùèé ðèñê îïåðàöèè, ïîñêîëüêó âàæíû ôàêòîðû, ñâÿçàííûå ñ îïåðàöèîííûì ðèñêîì, è âêëþ÷àþùèå êâàëèôèêàöèþ õèðóðãà è êà÷åñòâî îêàçûâàåìîé ïîìîùè â ó÷ðåæäåíèè, ãäå ïðîâîäèòñÿ îïåðàöèÿ. Äàííûå îá îñëîæíåíèÿõ è ëåòàëüíîñòè â ðåòðîñïåêòèâíûõ îáçîðàõ îòðàæàþò òåíäåíöèþ ê îïðåäåëåííûì çíà÷åíèÿì, òàê êàê îíè îòðàæàþò îïûò õèðóðãà èëè õèðóðãîâ, ãîòîâÿùèõ ñîîáùåíèå. Îáùåñòâåííûå ñëóøàíèÿ óñòíûõ äîêëàäîâ îáåñïå÷èâàþò áîëåå ãëóáîêîå ïîíèìàíèå ñðåäíåãî ðèñêà ïåðèîïåðàöèîííûõ îñëîæíåíèé. Íà ýòè öèôðû îäíàêî âëèÿåò ïðîöåññ îòáîðà ïàöèåíòîâ è õèðóðãè÷åñêèé îïûò ó÷ðåæäåíèÿ, ïðåäñòàâëÿþùåãî äîêëàä. Ðåçóëüòàòû 5 êîíôåðåíöèé ïîêàçàëè, ÷òî êîëè÷åñòâî áîëüíûõ, ïîëó÷èâøèõ îñëîæíåíèå èëè óìåðøèõ ïîñëå êàðîòèäíîé ýíäàðòåðýêòîìèè âàðüèðóåò îò íåáîëüøîãî (4,8%) äî çíà÷èòåëüíîãî (9,0%) (140,162-165). Êîìèòåò Ñîâåòà ïî Èíñóëüòó Àìåðèêàíñêîé Ñåðäå÷íîé Àññîöèàöèè (ad hoc Committee of the AHA) ïðîâåë îáçîð èìåþùèõñÿ ñîîáùåíèé è äàë ðåêîìåíäàöèè â îòíîøåíèè âåðõíåãî óðîâíÿ äîïóñòèìîãî ðèñêà ëåòàëüíîñòè è\èëè èíñóëüòà ïðè êàðîòèäíîé ýíäàðòåðýêòîìèè êàê êðè-òåðèÿ ïîêàçàíèÿ ê îïåðàöèè. Ïðåäåë óñòàíîâëåí â 3% äëÿ àñèìïòîìíûõ áîëüíûõ, 5% - ïðè ÒÈÀ, 7% - ïîñëå ïåðåíåñåííîãî èíñóëüòà è 10% - ïðè îïåðàöèÿõ ïî ïîâîäó ðåñòåíîçîâ ñîííîé àðòåðèè (153). Ïî ïîñëåäíèì äàííûì, âî ìíîãèõ ðàáîòàõ ñîîáùàåòñÿ î áîëåå íèçêèõ ïî-êàçàòåëÿõ, ÷åì îïðåäåëåííûé âåðõíèé ïðåäåë. ßñíî, ÷òî íåêîòîðûå õèðóðãè âûïîëíÿþò ýòó îïåðàöèþ ñ íèçêèìè ïîêàçàòåëÿìè, â òî âðåìÿ êàê äðóãèå èìåþò íåïðèåìëèìî âûñîêóþ ÷àñòîòó îñëîæíåíèé; ×ÒÎ ÌÎÃÓÒ ÑÅÃÎÄÍß ÑÎÑÓÄÈÑÒÛÅ ÕÈÐÓÐÃÈ? À.Â.Ïîêðîâñêèé [Ññûëêè äîñòóïíû òîëüêî çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííûì ïîëüçîâàòåëÿì ] ×òî êàñàåòñÿ ëåòàëüíîñòè è îñëîæíåíèé, òî, íàïðèìåð, â 10 ðàçëè÷íûõ øòàòàõ ÑØÀ îáùàÿ ëåòàëüíîñòü ïðè êàðîòèäíîé ýíäàðòåðýêòîìèè êîëåáëåòñÿ â ïðåäåëàõ 1,0-2,2%, à ÷àñòîòà èíñóëüòîâ ïëþñ ñìåðòü îò 4,1 äî 6,4%. Áîëüíûå, êîòîðûå ïåðåä îïåðàöèåé ïåðåíåñëè èíñóëüò, èìåëè 7,7% îñëîæíåíèé (íîâûé èíñóëüò/ñìåðòü). Ó àñèìïòîìíûõ áîëüíûõ ëåòàëüíîñòü ñîñòàâëÿåò 0,5-1,4%, à îáùèå îñëîæíåíèÿ (èíñóëüò/ñìåðòü) íå ïðåâûøàþò 2,3-4,2% (Kresowik T. et al, 2001). |
#92
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ê ãðàæäàíàì ÑØÀ
Öèòàòà:
ß íàøåë òî ÷òî Âû ïðîñèëè. È çàîäíî ìíåíèå Âàøåãî àìåðèêàíñêîãî èçâåñòíîãî íåéðîõèðóðãà îá îïåðàöèè ÝÈÊÌÀ è ìîåì òîãäà åùå ñêðîìíîì (îêîëî 150 îïåðàöèé) îïûòå. |
#93
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Óâàæàåìûé êîëëåãà, íàêîíåö-òî ÿ ïîíÿë îòêóäà âçÿëàñü öèôðà 6%! Ýòî ÷èñòî ðàññ÷åòíûé ñòàòèñòè÷åñêèé ïîðîã íèæå êîòîðîãî îïåðèðîâàòü ëó÷øå, ÷åì íå îïåðèðîâàòü, à âûøå êîòîðîãî, îïåðàöèîííàÿ ñìåðòíîñòü è çàáîëåâàåìîñòü ïðåâûøàåò ïîëüçó îò îïåðàöèè. Ýòî ó òåðàïåâòîâ íà ñåðòèôèêàöèîííûõ ýêçàìåíàõ ñïðàøèâàþò êàê "Îò÷å Íàø". Íà ïðàêòèêå 6% íå èìååò íèêòî, èíà÷å îí ïðîñòî îñòàíåòñÿ áåç ðàáîòû. Öèôðà ÷èñòî òåîðåòè÷åñêàÿ. Íà äîñóãå ïîñìîòðåë îïóáëèêîâàííóþ ñòàòèñòèêó ïî ïåðèîïåðàöèîííûì îñëîæíåíèÿì â Ìåéíå. Äèàïàçîí 1% äî 2.1%, î÷åíü óçêèé êàê âèäèòå. Êîãäà ÿ íàïðàâëÿþ ñâîåãî ïàöèåíòà ê òîìó èëè èíîìó ñïåöèàëèñòó, â äàííîì ñëó÷àå õèðóðãó, ÿ âñåãäà èíòåðåñóþñü òàêîé ñòàòèñòèêîé, äà è ïàöèåíòû ñàìè ìîãóò ïîëó÷èòü ê íåé äîñòóï ÷åðåç ñàéò maine.gov. Ê ñîæàëåíèþ ïî ÌÌÀ ÿ òàêîé ñòàòèñòèêè íå íàøåë, ÷òî ïå÷àëüíî, ïîýòîìó ó áîëüøèíñòâà ïàöèåíòîâ âîçíèêàåò "ñâîáîäà ýêñïåðèìåíòèðîâàòü", ïðàâäà â äàííîì ñëó÷àå íà ñåáå...
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#94
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Öèòàòà:
J. Cameron "Current Surgical Therapy" (2004) - Stroke rates for CEA of less than 2% for symptomatic patients and 1% or less for asymptomatic patients should be considered the current gold standard. Äà, êñòàòè, à ê òåì, êòî íå ãðàæäàíå ÑØÀ ýòî îòíîñèòñÿ? |
#95
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Óâàæàåìûé Äð. Ëàâðåíüòüåâ, âîò õîðîøî, ÷òî âû íàïîìíèëè ïðî îïåðàöèþ STA-MCA bypass (èìåííî òàê îíà íàçûâàåòñÿ â ìåæäóíàðîäíîé ëèòåðàòóðå). Íà äàëåå êàê äâà ãîäà íàçàä ìíå ïðèõëîñü íàïðèâèòü îäíó èç ïàöèåíòîê ñ áîëåçíüþ moyamoya íà äàííóþ ïðîöåäóðó. Ýòà îïåðàöèÿ íå ïîïóëÿðíà â ÑØÀ êàê è âî âñåì îñòàëüíîì ìèðå êàê ðóòèííûé ìåòîä ëå÷åíèÿ äèñòàëüíûõ íàäáèôóðêàöèîííûõ ïîðàæåíèÿ ñî âðåìåíè îïóáëèêàâàíèÿ ðåçóëüòàòîâ èññëåäîâàíèÿ
Failure of extracranial-intracranial arterial bypass to reduce the risk of ischemic stroke. Results of an international randomized trial. The EC/IC Bypass Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1985;313:1191–1200. Äî ýòîãî îïåðàöèÿ ïîëüçîâàëàñü äîâîëüíî øèðîêîé ïîïóëÿðíîñòüþ. Ïðèâåäåííîå èññëåäîâàíèå "óáèëî" äàííóþ ïðîöåäóðó, õîòÿ â íåì áûëè îïðåäåëåííûå íåäîñòàòêè, íî ôàêò-óïðÿìàÿ âåùü, îñîáåííî â ìåäèöèíå. Ñåé÷àñ ïî èñòå÷åíèå áîëåå ÷åì 20 ëåò ïðîõîäèò äðóãîå èññëåäîâàíèå, êîòîðîå íàçûâàåòñÿ carotid occlusion surgery study (COSS) è ñåé÷àñ íàáàðàåò ïàöèåíòîâ. Êðèòåðèè âêëþ÷åíèÿ â íåãî áóäóò îïðåäåëÿòüñÿ óæå ñ èñïëüîâàíèåì PET ñêàíèðîâàíèÿ. Íàïîìíþ, ÷òî â ïåðâîì èññëåäîâàíèè ïàðàìåòðû ãåìîäèíàìèêè íå ó÷èòûâàëèñü ïðè âêëþ÷åíèè. Ïîèæèâåì - óâèäèì. Äóìàþ, ÷òî ïðè ñîâðåìåííîé ìåäèêàìåíòîçíîé òåðàïèè ïîëó÷èòü ýôôåêò îò òàêîé îïåðàöèè èññëåäîâàòåëÿñ áóäåò êðàéíå ñëîæíî, îäíàêî âñå âîçìîæíî. |
#96
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Öèòàòà:
È óáåéòå ìåíÿ, íî ÿ äîâåðÿþ ïóáëèêàöèÿì â New England Journal of Medicine áîëüøå, ÷åì ñòàòüÿì â Âåñòíèêå Õèðóðãèè, íåçàâèñèìî îò òîãî ñêîëüêî àêàäåìèêîâ ïîäïèñàëîñü ïîä ñòàòü¸é. Íå â îáèäó. ß íå íàø¸ë ññûëîê íà ýòîò ó÷åáíèê íè â National Library of Medicine, íè â National Institutes of Health, íè â Medline Plus. Äàéòå òî÷íóþ ññûëêó ïîæàëóéñòà. Raymond Limet, ÌD ðàáîòàåò â ãîðîäå Ëüåæ, êîòîðûé â Áåëüãèè. |
#97
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ê ãðàæäàíàì ÑØÀ
Öèòàòà:
Åñëè ÷åñòíî òî ÿ íå ïîíèìàþ, êàê ìîæåò íå áûòü ýòîé êíèãè â íàöèîíàëüíîé áèáëèîòåêå. Íî îíà ó ìåíÿ åñòü è ÿ ïåðåñëàë ïðîñòî ñêàí ñ òèòóëüíîãî ëèñòà è áîëåå ïîäðîáíûõ ññûëîê ìíå íå íàäî - ó ìåíÿ åñòü ñàìà êíèãà, ×òî ÿ ìîãó ïðèñëàòü? Êñòàòè â îñíîâå ñâîåé ÿ ñîñóäèñòûé õèðóðã, íóæäà çàñòàâèëà îñâîèòü íåéðîõèðóðãèÿ, ò.ê. ÿ ðàáîòàþ è ëå÷ó ìîçã. Åùå ÿ íåïëîõî çíàþ ïàòîôèçèîëîãèþ êðîâîîáðàùåíèÿ è ïðåïîäàþ åå íå òîëüêî â Ðîññèè, íî è â Àíãëèè. À ôóíäàìåíòàëüíûå àñïåêòû ( ñîñóäèñòàÿ ñòåíêà êàê âîëíîâîä, ãåîìåòðèÿ áèôóðêàöèè è ò.ä.)çàñòàâèëè ìåíÿ îñâîèòü ìàòåìàòè÷åñêîå ìîäåëèðîâàíèå è ìíîãèå ðàçäåëû ìàòåìàòèêè. Íî ÿ ñîñóäèñòûé õèðóðã è íå ëóêàâëþ. |
#98
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Öèòàòà:
Óñïîêîéòåñü Âû. Íåò íèêàêîé ïåíû. Íèêòî íå ñîìíåâàåòñÿ â òîì ÷òî Âû ñïåöèàëèñò âûñîêîãî óðîâíÿ. Äàâàéòå óáåð¸ì òåðìèíû òèïà "áàáëî", "ðåáÿòêè" è ïð. èç ëåêñèêîíà è âñ¸ îáñóäèì êàê íîðìàëüíûå óâàæàþùèå äðóã äðóãà âðà÷è. Íèêòî íå îòñòàèâàåò ìåäèöèíó â ÑØÀ êàê ëó÷øóþ â ìèðå, ïîâåðüòå, å¸ íåäîñòàòêè îòñþäà âèäíåå. Ëþáîå ñåðü¸çíîå ýêñïåðèìåíòàëüíîå èññëåäîâàíèå ìîæåò îïëà÷èâàòñÿ, íàïðèìåð NIH, òàê ÷òî íå âñåãäà â äåíüãàõ äåëî. Êíèãó ýòó ÿ âèäåë ðàíüøå, ïðîñòî ñåé÷àñ íàéòè íå ñìîã, ïîýòîìó, ìíå íóæåí ãîä è èçäàòåëü. Êîãäà ÿ ïîñìîòðåë íà ïåðâóþ ôîòîãðàôèþ, ãåîìåòðèÿ ïîäñêàçûâàëà, ÷òî ýòî ýâåðñèÿ ÍÑÀ (âåòêó âûøå çàæèìà ÿ âèäåë), ÿ õî÷ó ýòî ïðîâåðèòü äëÿ ñåáÿ. À âî âñ¸ì îñòàëüíîì, ÿ óâåðåí, ÷òî íàì åñòü î ÷¸ì ïîñïîðèòü áåç óäàðîâ ïî ñðàìíûì ìåñòàì. Áûëà, íàïðèìåð, òàêàÿ îïåðàöèÿ - äåïîðòàëèçàöèÿ ñåëåç¸íî÷íîé âåíû. Í.Â.Ïðîöåíêî (ïîêîéíèê) áîëüøîé àïîëîãåò å¸ áûë, íó è äðóãèå òàì. Åñòü è ó àìåðèêàíñêèõ ôåðøåëîâ çäðàâûé ñìûñë ïîêà ÷òî. Trust me. |
#99
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Öèòàòà:
Öèòàòà:
Öèòàòà:
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#100
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Öèòàòà:
Äà è ñ áàáëîì âñå ÎÊ - ñïîíñèðóåòñÿ NINDS. Òàê ÷òî, ïðèñîåäèíÿéòåñü... ÇÛ: [Ññûëêè äîñòóïíû òîëüêî çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííûì ïîëüçîâàòåëÿì ] è èíôà ñ [Ññûëêè äîñòóïíû òîëüêî çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííûì ïîëüçîâàòåëÿì ]. |
#101
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Öèòàòà:
À âåäü íèêòî è íå âîëíîâàëñÿ Ïðîñòî â õîäå äâóõñóòî÷íîé ëåãêîé ïèêèðîâêè áûë ïîëó÷åí äîñòàòî÷íî ÷åòêèé ïñèõîëîãè÷åñêèé ïîðòðåò îñíîâíûõ ó÷àñòíèêîâ äèñïóòà ( çàðàíåå ïðîøó ïðîùåíèÿ çà ïîäîáíûé ïðèåì). Àíàëîãè÷íûå ïèêèðîâêè ÿ óæå èñïîëüçîâàë íà ïðîñòîðàõ ðåñóðñà medlinks.ru ñ Êðàñíèêîâûì À. Â. (nik Neurolog). Áûëî î÷åíü ïðèÿòíî óâèäåòü êàê òîãäà åùå àñïèðàíò äåðæèò óäàð . Ïîñëå ýòîãî ÿ ïðåäëîæèë åìó ïåðåéòè ê ñåáå íà ðàáîòó - òàêîãî ãðàìîòíîãî è âî âñåõ îòíîøåíèÿõ êîððåêòíîãî ñïåöèàëèñòà ñåé÷àñ òðóäíî íàéòè. À èñïîëüçîâàíèå ëåêñèêîíà òîëüêî ðàççàäîðèâàåò è íåìíîãî ðàññëàáëÿåò ó÷àñòíèêîâ îáùåíèÿ. Âñåì ñïàñèáî, åùå ðàç ïðîøó ïðîùåíèÿ çà ïñèõîëîãè÷åñêèå ýòþäû. Òåïåðü ïî äåëó. - êíèãà 1994ã., Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH. ß íàòêíóëñÿ íà ýòîò ôîðóì ïî ðåçóëüòàòàì ïîèñêîâèêà íà ñëîâî "ÝÈÊÌÀ" (ãäå-òî ðàíüøå ýòîò âîïðîñ ïîäíèìàëñÿ) Ïðî÷èòàâ ôîðóì ÿ óáåäèëñÿ â áåçðàäîñòíîñòè ïðîèñõîäÿùåãî. Ïîéìèòå ïðàâèëüíî íå õî÷ó îáèäåòü - íî ïîëíîöåííîãî ðàçíîñòîðîííåãî ïîäõîäà ê ïðîáëåìå ÿ íå íàøåë. Êñòàòè èìåííî ýòî è ÿâëÿåòñÿ îñíîâíîé ïðè÷èíîé ñîçäàíèÿ ñâîåãî ñàéòà. Ðàññêàæó îäèí ôàêò: êàê-òî íå íàçûâàÿñü ÿ ïîçâîíèë íà êàôåäðó àêàäåìèêà Ãóñåâà (íåâðîëîãèÿ è íåéðîõèðóðãèÿ ÐÃÌÓ) è ñïðîñèë ó äîöåíòà:" À ÷òî äåëàòü ñî ñòåíîçîì ñîííîé àðòåðèè 75-80 %?" Îòâåò óáèë - íè÷åãî Âû íå ñäåëàåòå è íèêòî íè÷åãî ñäåëàòü íå ñìîæåò, îïåðàöèé ïî óäàëåíèþ áëÿøåê íåò, îäèí òîëüêî Øàõíîâè÷ À.Ð. â ÍÈÈ íåéðîõèðó3ðãèè ÷òî-òî ðàçðàáàòûâàåò. Ñ îäíîé ñòîðîíû ÿ áûë ðàä çà Àëåêñàíäðà Ðîìàíîâè÷à, ÷òî çà 8-10 ëåò ðàáîòû ñïåöèàëèñòà ïî ÓÇ-äèàãíîñòèêè îí ñîçäàë ñåáå òàêîå èìÿ, à ñ äðóãîé ñòîðîíû æóòêî îáèäíî çà âñåõ ñîñóäèñòûõ õèðóðãîâ ñòðàíû âî ãëàâå ñ àêàä.Ïîêðîâñêèì À.Â., êîòîðûå 40 ëåò ïûòàþòñÿ óáåäèòü íåâðîëîãîâ, êàðäèîëîãîâ è ò.ä. ÷òî èíñóëüò ìîæíî ïðîôèëàêòèðîâàòü è ìîæíî ëå÷èòü. Ïðîñòèòå, íàäî óåçæàòü íà êîíñóëüòàöèþ, ïðîäîëæó âå÷åðîì. |
#102
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Ïðîñüáà ìîäåðàòîðà.
Óâàæàåìûå êîëëåãè! Ïîæàëóéñòà, èçáåãàéòå èçëèøíå äëèííûõ öèòàò îïïîíåíòîâ. Ñòðàíèöà èìè ïåðåãðóæåíà, à ðàçãîâîð èäåò èíòåðåñíûé, è, íàäåþñü, ïîêà íå ñâîðà÷èâàåòñÿ.
ß óäàëèë íåêîòîðûå ÷àñòè öèòèðîâàííûõ ñîîáùåíèé äëÿ âñåîáùåãî óäîáñòâà. |
#103
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Èíòåðåñíî çàìåòèòü òàêæå, ÷òî ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ ýôôåêòèâíîñòü îïåðàöèè îöåíèâàåòñÿ â 0.33. This is quite high, and if find so or close will make this procedure very popular in patients with specific PET findings.
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#104
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Óâàæàåìûé Àëåêñàíäð Âàäèìîâè÷!
Õî÷ó îáðàòèòü âíèìàíèå, ÷òî è â íàøåé êëèíèêå íàëîæåíèå àíàñòàìîçà ïðè îêêëþçèè è ñóáòîòàëüíîì ñòåíîçå, òàêæå òàíäåìíîì ñòåíîçå êàðîòèäû ïðîâîäèòñÿ óæå íå îäèí äåñÿòîê ëåò è ïðàêòèêà ïîäòâåðæäàåò, ÷òî â ðÿäå ñëó÷àåâ (!) îïåðàöèÿ äåéñòâèòåëüíî ïîêàçàíà. Äðóãîå äåëî, ÷òî ïîêàçàíèÿ ê ÝÈÊÌÀ òðåáóþò óòî÷íåíèÿ. P.s. Êñòàòè, áëàãîäàðþ çà ñòîëü ëåñòíûå ñëîâà â ìîé àäðåñ. Ýòî áûëî î÷åíü íåîæèäàííî |
#105
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Öèòàòà:
Õîòåëîñü áû âåðíóòüñÿ ê îáñóæäåíèþ ñ ó÷åòîì ïîñëåäíèõ òðàéëîâ. 1.  îäíîì èç ïîñëåäíèõ (àïðåëüñêèõ) íîìåðîâ NEJM îïóáëèêîâàíû 3-õ ëåòíèå ðåçóëüòàòû íàøóìåâøåãî èññëåäîâàíèÿ SAPPHIRE Long-Term Results of Carotid Stenting versus Endarterectomy in High-Risk Patients Hitinder S. Gurm BACKGROUND We previously reported that, in a randomized trial, carotid stenting with the use of an emboli-protection device is not inferior to carotid endarterectomy for the treatment of carotid artery disease at 30 days and at 1 year. We now report the 3-year results. METHODS The trial evaluated carotid artery stenting with the use of an emboli-protection device as compared with endarterectomy in 334 patients at increased risk for complications from endarterectomy who had either a symptomatic carotid artery stenosis of at least 50% of the luminal diameter or an asymptomatic stenosis of at least 80%. The prespecified major secondary end point at 3 years was a composite of death, stroke, or myocardial infarction within 30 days after the procedure or death or ipsilateral stroke between 31 days and 1080 days (3 years). RESULTS At 3 years, data were available for 260 patients (77.8%), including 85.6% of patients in the stenting group and 70.1% of those in the endarterectomy group. The prespecified major secondary end point occurred in 41 patients in the stenting group (cumulative incidence, 24.6%; Kaplan–Meier estimate, 26.2%) and 45 patients in the endarterectomy group (cumulative incidence, 26.9%; Kaplan–Meier estimate, 30.3%) (absolute difference in cumulative incidence for the stenting group, −2.3%; 95% confidence interval, −11.8 to 7.0). There were 15 strokes in each of the two groups, of which 11 in the stenting group and 9 in the endarterectomy group were ipsilateral. CONCLUSIONS In our trial of patients with severe carotid artery stenosis and increased surgical risk, no significant difference could be shown in long-term outcomes between patients who underwent carotid artery stenting with an emboli-protection device and those who underwent endarterectomy. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00231270.) [Ññûëêè äîñòóïíû òîëüêî çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííûì ïîëüçîâàòåëÿì ] Àâòîðû äåëàþò âûâîä, ÷òî 50% ñèìïòîìíûé èëè 80% àñèìïòîìíûé ñòåíîç ìîæåò áûòü áåçîïàñíî è ýôôåêòèâíî ñòåíòèðîâàí è ÷òî ÷åðåç 3 ãîäà èñõîäû CAS ñîïîñòàâèìû ñ CEA. 2.  ýòîì æå íîìåðå NEJM îòêðûòà èíòåðåñíàÿ äèñêóññèÿ ñ ãîëîñîâàíèåì (ïîìíèòå ïàöèåíòà ñ ÈÁÑ?) â ðàçäåëå clinical decisions ïîä íàçâàíèåì Management of Carotid Stenosis http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/358/15/1617, ãäå ïðåäñòàâëåíû òðè òàêòèêè (ìåäèêàìåíòîçíàÿ, CAS è CAE) âåäåíèÿ àñèìïòîìíîãî êàðîòèäíîãî 70-80% ñòåíîçà. Êàê âîäèòñÿ, âñå òðè òàêòèêè èìåþò ïðàâî íà æèçíü. 3. Èíòåðåñíî, à ÷òî ïðîèñõîäèò ñ ìåñòîì ïîðàæåíèÿ ïîñëå ýíäàðòåðýêòîìèè? Ðåøàåò ëè çàïëàòêà âñå ïðîáëåìû ñ ðåñòåíîçàìè/òðîìáîçìè è ò.ä.? Âëèÿåò ëè ìåäèêàìåíòîçíà òåðàïèÿ (èÀÏÔ, àíàãîíèñòû êàëüöèÿ è ò.ä.), êðîìå ïîíÿòíûõ àñïèðèíà è ñòàòèíîâ, íà ïðîãíîç? Êàêàÿ íàèëó÷øàÿ òàêòèêà âåäåíèÿ áåññèìïòîìíûõ ïîãðàíè÷íûõ (60-70%) ñòåíîçîâ? Èçìåíèëîñü ëè ÷òî-òî â Ðîññèè ñî ñòåíòèðîâàíèåì è ýíäàðòåðýòîìèåé çà ïîñëåäíèå 3 ãîäà? |